Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery (MIS) or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations are performed through small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) rather than large open incisions. This method uses a laparoscope—a thin, tube-like instrument equipped with a light source and a camera—to visualize the internal organs. The camera sends images to a monitor, allowing the surgeon to operate with precision.

Advantages of Laparoscopic Surgery:

1. Less Pain: Smaller incisions mean less trauma to the body and reduced postoperative pain.

2. Faster Recovery: Patients often recover more quickly and spend less time in the hospital compared to traditional open surgery.

3. Minimal Scarring: Small incisions lead to smaller scars, which are often cosmetically more acceptable.

4. Lower Risk of Infection: Reduced exposure of internal organs decreases the risk of infections.

5. Shorter Hospital Stay: Many laparoscopic procedures are done as outpatient surgeries or require shorter hospitalization.

6. Better Precision: The magnified view allows surgeons to perform delicate procedures with greater accuracy.